M.M. Kalincheva, N.A. Feoktistova, V.G. Aksharova
Research Agricultural Institute of the Northern Trans-Urals, ul. Burlaki, 2, pos. Moskovskii, Tyumenskii r-n, Tyumenskaya obl., 625501, Russian Federation
Abstract. The aim of the investigation was to determine the optimal, economically effective dose of mineral fertilizers for spring barley on dark-gray forest soil. The work was done under conditions of Tyumen region in 2010, 2014, and 2015 in accordance with conventional methods. We used spring barley ‘Acha’. The soil was dark-gray. The humus content was 3.4 %, pH was 5.1; hydrolytic acidity was 3.0-5.2 mg-eq/100 g of soil; the content of mobile phosphorus was 6 mg/100 g of soil, of mobile potassium – 9 mg/100 g of soil. The main tillage was plowing. We studied the influence of four doses of mineral fertilizers in a grain-grass crop rotation (N27P26K26, N36P34K34, N45P43K43, N54P52K52) and of two doses in a grain-fallow crop rotation (N36P34K34. N54P52K52). Fertilizers were applied by SZT-3.6 in the form of ammonium nitrate (N – 34 %) and diammophoska (N – 10 %, P – 26 %), K – 26 %) in the ration 1:2 before seeding. Over three years the application of mineral fertilizers promoted the increase in the yield of barley grain by 0.22-1.61 t/ha. The productivity of barley in the grain-fallow crop rotation varied from 3.54 to 5.15 t/ha, in the grain-grass one – from 3.71 to 5.56 t/ha. The highest increase was noted at the application of N36P34K34 in the grain-fallow crop rotation, it was 0.99 t/ha. The recoupment of 1 kg of fertilizers by grain in this variant was 8 kg (the average value for three years); the level of profitability was 98 %. In the grain-grass crop rotation the highest increase (1.03 t/ha) was noted at the dose of N54P52K52. The recoupment of 1 kg of fertilizers by grain in this variant was 6.54 kg, and the profitability level was 61 %.
Keywords: barley, mineral fertilizer, application rates, efficiency of fertilizer, crop yields, crop rotation.
Author Details: M.M. Kalincheva, research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.A. Feoktistova, research fellow; V.G. Aksharova, research fellow.
For citation: Kalincheva M.M., Feoktistova N.A., Aksharova V.G. Mineral Fertilizers Is a Stabilizer of the Productivity of Spring Barley on Gray Forest Soil. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. V. 31. No 1. Pp. 19-21 (in Russ.).