GROWING OF REPLACEMENT YOUNG ANIMALS IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF MILK PRODUCTION

R.P. Karagod¹, L.Yu. Bolotova¹, V.G. Prokopyev¹, T.V. Lukashenkova¹, L.S. Polikov^2
1Kemerovo Research Agricultural Institute, the branch of the Siberian Federal Research Center of Agricultural Biotechnology of the RAS, ul. Tsentral’naya, 47, pos. Novostroika, Kemerovskii r-n, Kemerovskaya obl., 650510, Russian Federation
²Stud farm, APC «Beregovoj», ul. Sportivnaya, 7, der. Beregovaya, Kemerovskii r-n, Kemerovskaya obl., 650512, Russian Federation

Abstract. To determine the efficiency of growing of Holsteined heifers of Black-and-White breed and terms of their insemination under conditions of the resource-saving technology the investigations were carried out on the premises of the stud farm, APC “Beregovoj”, Kemerovo region. The study examined 149 heifers of Ob type with the blood fraction of Holstein breed more than 85 %. Calves at the age of 6-90 days were kept in accommodations of the facilitated type, with the temperature of (0 ± 6) degrees during the winter period; then they were transferred to the yards with uncontrolled microclimate and free exit to the outside. The live weight of calves at birth corresponded to the standards for the Holsteined cows. In the first month of life at low temperatures the average daily gain of calves was (810.20 ± 12.80) g. In blood serum the content of glucose was higher than the upper normal level by 0.68-0.70 mmol/l at the age of 1 and 3 months, respectively; the protein content was below the norm by 5.30 g/l at the age of 1 month, but it did not have a negative impact on the development and productivity of animals. At three months the biochemical parameters of blood (except for glucose) corresponded to the physiological norm. Heifers developed well; their live weight at 12 months was (339.30 ± 1.87) kg, at 18 months – (458.00 ± 2.79) kg; with the average daily gain from the birth to insemination of (789.00 ± 5.89) g. They were successfully inseminated at the age of (15.89 ± 0.10) months with the live weight of (413.90 ± 2.18) kg. The heifers, calved at the age of (24.11 ± 0.09) months, did not yield according to milk production to the animals, calved by 2.16 months later. The cost for the keeping of one heifer was 88.24 rubles/day and 5823.84 rubles for 2.16 months. The costs for keeping heifers, calved at (29.21 ± 0.25) months, exceeded the value of milk produced by 3724.47 rubles. The resource-saving technology allows intensively growing up the replacement heifers, put them into the main herd at 24-26 months and receive 7000 kg of milk and more during the first lactation.

Keywords: Black-and-White cattle, heifers, first-calf cow, age, live weight, productivity.

Author Details: R.P. Karagod, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L.Yu. Bolotova, research fellow; V.G. Prokopyev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; T.V. Lukashenkova, research fellow; L.S. Polikov, deputy director.

For citation: Karagod R.P., Bolotova L.Yu., Prokopyev V.G., Lukashenkova T.V., Polikov L.S. Growing of Replacement Young Animals Is an Important Factor of Economic Efficiency of Milk Production. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. V. 31. No. 2. Pp. 59-62 (in Russ.).