G.V. Olgarenko
All-Russia Scientific and Research Institute for Irrigation and Farming Water Supply Systems «Raduga», pos. Raduzny, 38, Kolomenskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 140483, Russian Federation
Summary. The article presents the results of the research on the development of energy and resource saving technologies and engineering tools for micro-irrigation, adapted to soil and climate conditions of the areas of their use, with maximizing of economic efficiency coefficients, ergonomic parameters, security, quality, ecologic and technological safety. Designing of environmentally safe and resource-saving technologies and micro-irrigation equipment is based on the creation of mobile irrigation sets (systems) using module completion principle. It includes a mobile pumping unit and fertigation equipment, quickly assembling water supply and delivery pipelines, standard irrigation modules for different irrigated areas that are completed with serial produced technological equipment, including wide-range irrigation systems, irrigation sets with quickly assembled pipelines and sprinklers, micro-irrigation systems (synchronous impulse irrigation sets, drip and surge-drip irrigation systems, aerosol irrigation systems), micro-irrigation technical means delivering irrigation water with the rate equal to the current agricultural biocenosis water consumption, automatic permanent irrigation systems with regulated water supply. In the last decade, FGBNU VNII “Raduga” theoretically based and developed 16 types of engineering tools for irrigation and micro-irrigation of small-size plots with complex relief with the area from 0.06 up to 10 hectares that enable to complete the mobile irrigation sets with equipment for different crops and soil and climatic conditions. Designed typical technological modules and technical irrigation means are used in practice in 37 regions of the Russian Federation, including Moscow, Tambov, Astrakhan regions and Krasnodar Krai, where their use ensured 50–60 % farming crops yield increase, 20–30 % irrigation water savings, capital costs were lower by 20–30 % and energy costs – by 15–30 % in comparison with traditional irrigation technologies.
Keywords: technology, engineering tools, micro-irrigation, small-size plots, irrigation sets, synchronized and impulse, local and impulse, sprinklers, irrigation complexes, surface irrigation.
Author Details: G.V. Olgarenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Olgarenko G.V. Main Directions of Development of Domestic Engineering Tools of Micro-Irrigation for Small-Size Plots. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No 5. Pp. 82-85 (In Russ.).