A.V. Sidorov, D.F. Fedosenko
Krasnoyarsk Research Institute on Agriculture, prosp. Svobodnyi, 66, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Summary. The investigations were carried out in 1980–2015 on the experimental field of Krasnoyarsk Research Agricultural Institute. The aim of the research was to study the regularity of yield formation of spring soft wheat under conditions of the most arid part of the Krasnoyarsk forest zone; and on the basis of the results to create new varieties combined high productivity and resistance to moisture deficiency. The forecrop was fallow. The sowing rate was 5 million germinable seeds per hectare. The soil was leached chernozem. Drought of different intensity was noted in 19 years of investigation from 36 years. The most often moisture deficiency was at the period from germination to earing. The yield of grain in the experiments ranged from 2.0 t/ha under the drought conditions to 4.5 t/ha in favorable years. The variability of yield from year to year (V was from 16.4 % to 27.2 %) significantly exceeded genotypic variation (V was from 5.4 % to 15.0 %). Traits with a positive effect on the productivity of varieties under drought conditions were identified: the number and degree of development of embryonic roots, the optimal ratio of interphase periods of plants development, the presence of awns, the total leaves area and the area of the flag leaf, the size of grain. The usage of obtained results in the breeding process brought to the development of new varieties with high adaptability. In 2014 Svirel variety was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. Kuraginskaya 2 and Uyarochka varieties were included in the State Register of the Russian Federation in 2015. Kanskaya variety had been tested in the state variety tests since 2015.
Keywords: spring wheat, breeding, variety, productivity, drought, vegetation period.
Author Details: A.V Sidorov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); D.F. Fedosenko, junior research fellow.
For citation: Sidorov A.V., Fedosenko D.F. Breeding of Soft Spring Wheat for Productivity under Conditions of Moisture Deficiency. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 6. Pp. 18-21 (in Russ.).