N.A. Surin, N.E. Lyakhova, N.V. Zobova, N.A. Neshumaeva, L.W. Plechanova, T.V. Onuphrienok, A.A. Chuslin, S.A. Gerasimov, A.G. Lipshin
Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture, prosp. Svobodny, 66, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
Summary. The aim of the research was to increase the adaptability of new barley cultivars using hybridization of widespread varieties of old and modern domestic and foreign breeding, hordein polymorphism and biotechnological methods, and evaluation of the created forms by a complex of features. The field tests were carried out against three soil backgrounds: intensive, acid and saline. The characteristic of the intensive background: typical chernozem; the content of humus according to Tyurin is 4.3–5.2 %; the content of mobile potassium and phosphorus (by Machigin’s method) is 21.4–23.2 mg/100 g and 3.1–3.5 mg/100g, correspondingly; pH is 7.5. The acid background: sod-podzol soil; pH is 4.4; humus content is 1.53 %; phosphorus and potassium content (according to Kirsanov) is 5.7–6.6 mg/100 g and 7.76 mg/100 g; nitrogen is almost absent. The characteristic of the saline background: the soil is medium-columnar solonetz; рН is 7.3; humus content is 3 %; the content of Са, Mg and Na is 6.07, 2.03 and 3.3 me/100 g, respectively; the content of P2O5 and K2O is 3.0 and 31.2 %, the salinization is sulfate-chloride one. Using widespread varieties of old breeding new material was created; and the lines from combinations (Viner x Krasnoufimsky 95) x (Viner x Donetsky 650), (Viner x Donetsky 650) x (Viner x Tselinny 5), (Viner x Tselinny 5) x (Viner x Omsky 13709) had the advantage. They exceeded the standard variety Krasnoyarsky 80 in the yield by 20.0–27.9 % after grain preceding crop and by 62–119 % on acid soils. The lines exceeding standard varieties by 210–530 kg/ha against the optimal background were selected in hybridization of adaptive lines with varieties of domestic and foreign breeding. It was revealed the prospect of obtaining regenerants in callus culture on the selective media with NaCl content 0.42 % and pH 4.5. Under conditions of forest-steppe of Krasnoyarsk Krai, the selection favors genotypes of reserve proteins of barley with variants HRD A2, HRD B1, HRD B8, HRD B13, HRD B17. Hordein formula variants 2.25.1 and 2.17.3 are connected with the increased productivity of barley. The best productive lines were selected on this basis. The biotypes with alleles HRD B17 and HRD B25 differing by low protein content are promising in breeding for brewing, with variants B19, B1, B8, B13 – in the breeding of forage barley. Variants A23 and B29 more often occurs in samples, steady against the dusty covered smut, B37 and B84 – in samples, resistant to firm covered smut.
Keywords: breeding, barley, adaptability, productivity, immunity, hordeins, regenerants.
Author Details: N.A. Surin, D. Sc. (Agr.), member of the RAS, chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.V. Zobova, D. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director; N.E. Lyakhova, leading research fellow; N.A. Neshumaeva, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; L.W. Plechanova, Сand. Sc. (Agr), leading research fellow; T.V. Onuphrienok, research fellow; A.A. Chuslin research fellow; S.A. Gerasimov, Сand. Sc. (Agr.), leading researcher fellow, A.G. Lipshin, research fellow.
For citation: Surin N.A., Lyakhova N.E., Zobova N.V., Neshumaeva N.A., Plechanova L.W., Onuphrienok T.V., Chuslin A.A., Gerasimov S.A., Lipshin A.G. Sources of Valuable Features in Breeding of Barley for Adaptability. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 6. Pp. 36-40 (in Russ.).