S.N. Nikitin1, G.V. Saidyasheva1, M.V. Petrov2
1Ulyanovsk Agricultural Research Institute, ul. Institutskaya, 19, pos. Timiryazevskoe, Ul’yanovskii r-n, Ul’yanovskaya obl., 433315, Russian Federation
2Ulyanovsk State University, ul. L’va Tolstogo, 42, Ul’yanovsk, 432017, Russian Federation
Abstract. We compared the efficiency of different chemicalization and biologization means, used in crop rotations, on the premises of Ulyanovsk Agricultural Research Institute in 2005-2007. The investigation was carried out in a 7-field crop rotation (bare fallow, winter wheat I, spring wheat I, pea, winter wheat II, spring wheat II, barley). The soil of the experimental plot was heavy loamy leached chernozem. The content of humus in an arable layer was 6.54-6.64 % (by Tyurin’s method), total nitrogen – 0.24-0.28 % (according to Kjeldahl), mobile phosphorus and potassium according to Chirikov’s method) – 208-221 and 98-108 mg/kg, pH was 6.4-6.5. Plots with organic fertilizers were divided between three backgrounds. Diatomite and a biological preparation were not applied in the first background (a zero background); for the second background we applied diatomite in the dose of 5 t/ha; and we planted the seeds, inoculated by the biological preparation Flavobakterin, against the third background. It was obtained the maximum grain yield against the third background (4.05-4.71 t/ha), then there is the background with diatomite (3.92-4.62 t/ha) and the zero one (3.30-4.18 t/ha). As a result of the use of the biological preparation, we obtained the increase in the grain yield of 0.75 t/ha, of the application of diatomite – 0.62 t/ha. After the application of mineral fertilizers the yield increased by 0.52 t/ha against the zero background, by 0.11 t/ha against the diatomite application, and by 0.33 t/ha against the background of inoculation by Flavobakterin. The manure application in the doses of 25 and 50 t/ha ensured the increases in the yield of 0.57-0.75, 0.33-0.53, and 0.36-0.59 t/ha, respectively for the backgrounds. The maximum effect of the sewage sludge was obtained against the backgrounds of diatomite and inoculation of seeds; the gains was 0.43-0.70 and 0.46-0.69 t/ha, correspondingly. In the variants of green manure embedding and straw application, the yield of winter wheat grain was the same as after application of N26P14K30, manure and sewage sludge in a single dose.
Keywords: organic fertilizers, mineral fertilizers, biological preparation, crop residues, productivity, crop rotation.
Author Details: S.N. Nikitin, D. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); G.V. Saidyasheva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; M.V. Petrov, student.
For citation: Nikitin S.N., Saidyasheva G.V., Petrov M.V. Productivity of Winter Wheat Yield at the Complex Use of Organic Fertilizers with Diatomite and a Biological Preparation. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. V.31. No. 4. Pp. 36-39 (in Russ.).