A.A. Asanova, V.I. Polonskiy
Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, prosp. Mira, 90, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of this work was the toxicity assessment of silver nanoparticles using photosynthetic organisms that represent different levels of biological organization. In 2014–2017 we studied toxic properties of silver nanoparticles with a nominal particle size of 18 nm and of silver ions. We used alga Chlorella vulgaris Beijer and seeds of a higher plant Avena sativa L. as photosynthetic test-organisms. Algal bioassays were performed by looking at the change of the relative index of delayed fluorescence (RIDF) and optical density (OD). Phytotoxicity of nanoparticles for plants was estimated using the germination energy, the weight of the roots and seedlings, and the length of the longest root. The EC50 value, equal to the concentration of nanoparticles, at which the values of the studied parameters decreased by 50 % with respect to the control, was used as the toxicity criterion. The EC50 values of silver nanoparticles were 0.05 and 0.11 mg/L for OD and RIDF, respectively, using algal bioassays. The EC50 values for oats were 20, 13, 7 and 7 mg/L for germination energy, root and seedling weight, the longest root length, respectively. The effect of silver ions in comparison with nanoparticles was stronger by two orders of magnitude for algae and by an order of magnitude for plants. The optical density of algal suspension was the most sensitive to the impact of silver nanoparticles and ions. Root was the most sensitive organ of oat sprouts to silver nanoparticles. Single-celled chlorella algae are more vulnerable to silver nanoparticles than oats.
Keywords: nanoparticles, Chlorella vulgaris, seeds, oat, phytotoxicity, biotesting, delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll, optical density, germination energy, weight of roots and seedlings.
Author Details: A.A. Asanova, post graduate student (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.I. Polonskiy, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof.
For citation: Asanova A.A., Polonskiy V.I. Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on Photosynthetic Organisms. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 8. Pp. 12-15 (in Russ.).