V.H. Ponazhev, O.V. Medvedeva
All-Russian Flax Research Institute, ul. Lunacharskogo, 35, Torzhok, Tverskaya obl., 172002, Russian Federation
Abstract. It is presented the result of a study, aimed to the improvement of the technology of primary and commodity seed growing of fiber flax, allowing to increase the efficiency of seed growing work. The most important, the least expensive mean in the technology of cultivation fiber flax for seed is a highly productive variety. A valuable feature of fiber flax ‘Diplomat’ is large seeds and complex resistance to three diseases at once (rust, Fusarium disease and anthracnose), of ‘Sursky’ – high yield of seeds and fibers, of ‘Universal’ – productivity combined with high (up to 90%) content of cellulose-containing substances, of oil flax ‘Uralsky’ – ultra early maturation. The improved system of primary seed growing of new fiber flax varieties, which allows to increase the production of original seeds (the seeds of the parent elite) 4–5 times and to ensure the production of seed material at a level of 100–120 tons per year, consists in applying accelerated and less costly methods of typical plants selection (100 thousand and more) and the creation, taking into account these methods, a significant number of improved seeds. In order to eliminate or minimize the factors hampering the improvement of the efficiency of flax seed production, it is advisable to place crops after the best forecrops: vetch and oat mixture or white mustard for green fodder, which provide higher environment improving effect, to apply humic fertilizers (Lignogumat, Plodorodie), which have a positive effect on yield and quality of seeds, and also to harvest crops of higher reproductions in the presence of not more than 10% of the bolls with green and yellow-green seeds, reproduction crops – not more than 20–25% of such bolls. In this case, the harvesting of seed crops should be carried out within the optimal agrotechnical terms for 10–12 days.
Keywords: fiber flax, oil flax, seeds, variety, seed growing, crop, technology.
Author Details: V.H. Ponazhev, D. Sc. (Agr.), scientific supervisor (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.V. Medvedeva, head of laboratory.
For citation: Ponazhev V.H., Medvedeva O.V. Innovation Is the Most Important Resource for the Increase in the Efficiency of Seed Growing of Flax. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 9. Pp. 25-28 (in Russ.).