PRODUCTIVITY OF CROPS ON APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS FROM ORGANIC WASTES ON SOD-PODZOL SOILS

R.F. Baibekov¹, G.E. Merzlaya², O.A. Vlasova^3
1All-Russian Research Institute of Chemical Means of Plant Protection, ul. Ugreshskaya, 31, Moskva, 115088, Russian Federation
²D.N. Pryanishnikov All-Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry, ul. Pryanishnikova, 31 a, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation
³State Center of Agrochemical Service “Vologodskii”, ul. Studencheskaya, 11, Vologda-Molochnoe, 160555, Russian Federation

Abstract. The aim of the investigation was to determine the influence of urban sewage sludge and fertilizers produced on its basis on the yield of crops, the quality of plant products, agrochemical properties of soils and content of heavy metals in them. Field experiments were carried out on sod-podzol soils of the Non-Black Soil zone in Moscow and Vologda regions. In Moscow region the content of humus was 1.4% according to Tyurin, of mobile forms of phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O) according to Kirsanov’s method – 118 and 119 mg/kg, respectively; pH was 4.6. In Vologda region these indices were 3.1%, 260 and 103 mg/kg, correspondingly; pH was 5.2. Under conditions of Moscow region, in a 17-year experiment, it was determined a long-term aftereffect of high doses of composts from sewage sludge with sawdust, as well as litter manure of cattle, amounting to 35 t/ha of dry weight, at the cultivation of perennial cereal grasses. The highest increase in hay yield, equal to 39–47% compared with the control, was achieved at the application of 35 t/ha of compost from sewage sludge, received from the filter-presses of the Kuryanovskaya aeration station of the city of Moscow. When fertilizers on the basis of the sewage sludge of the city of Vologda were applied, a stable productivity of a field crop rotation (fiber flax, potato, barley), amounting 3,000 grain units per hectare of crop rotation area, was achieved. The highest output was obtained from the action and aftereffect of the organic and mineral fertilizer on the basis of sewage sludge. The application of it in the dose of 4 t/ha led to the harvest of 3,220 grain units per hectare, that exceeded the control without fertilizers by 25%. When using fertilizers from sewage sludge, the content of heavy metals and arsenic in the soil and plants did not exceed the permissible values.

Keywords: fertilizer from sewage sludge, application rates, soil, cereals, fodder, industrial crops, yield, heavy metals.

Author Details: R.F. Baibekov, corresponding member of the RAS, deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); G.E. Merzlaya, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.A. Vlasova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).

For citation: Baibekov R.F., Merzlaya G.E., Vlasova O.A. Productivity of Crops on Application of Fertilizers from Organic Wastes on Sod-Podzol Soils. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 9. Pp. 29-33 (in Russ.).