CONSUMPTION LEVEL AND COSTS OF DRY MATTER AS THE CRITERION OF EFFICIENCY OF DAIRY CATTLE FEEDING

O.E. Privalo¹, N.N. Shvetsov², K.I. Privalo¹, L.E. Malykhina³, M.R. Shvetsova², O.E. Tat’yanicheva², M.M. Naumov¹, M.I. Podchalimov¹, A.Ch. Li², V.V. Kontsevenko², V.P. Kulachenko^2
1I.I. Ivanov Kursk State Agricultural Academy, ul. K. Marksa, 70, Kursk, 305021, Russian Federation
²V.Ya. Gorin Belgorod State Agrarian University, ul. Vavilova, 24, pos. Maiskii, Belgorodskii r-n, Belgorodskaya obl., 308503, Russian Federation
³OOO “APK-invest” , ul. Shchorsa, 8, Belgorod, 308000, Russian Federation

Abstract.The purpose of the work was to substantiate the information value of the use of the level of dry matter (DM) consumption and its utilization for the production under conditions of the large-group loose housing of dairy cattle with free access to a manger as an evaluation criterion for the effectiveness of feeding. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the monthly reporting on two dairy complexes of the loose housing of dairy cattle for 2013. The population of the main herds of these complexes was 1650 and 1820 cows of Holstein breed, their average annual productivity was 8596 and 8030 kg of milk respectively. The costs of DM were 0.887 and 0.881 kg, the production of milk per 1 kg of dry matter was 1.138 and 1.135 kg, the efficiency of conversion of the exchange energy of the feed mixture to net energy of milk was 33 and 28%, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the daily milk yield and the milk production per 1 kg of consumed DM was 0.646 and -0.591, respectively. At complex No 1, the specific gravity of concentrated feeds according to DM in the composition of the feed mixture was 30.82% or 0.300 kg per 1 kg of milk with the high quality of bulky fodder. At complex No 2, a high feeding rate of concentrated feeds – 48.9% according to DM, or 0.490 kg per 1 kg of milk, had a negative effect on the amount of feed conversion. The level of consumption and the costs of dry matter of feed during milk production constitute the integrated values reflecting the operation of a multifactor biological system “feed – animal organism – obtained products”. The informative value of the evaluation of the productive effect of diets on the level of consumption and the costs of DM for products is determined by the validity of the choice and consideration of the factors that affect this biosystem. With the optimal structure and balance of diets, the dependence of feed conversion on the specific gravity of concentrated fodder and daily milk yield is small and is not detected by a correlation analysis.

Keywords: dairy cattle; evaluation criteria; level of consumption and costs of dry matter per production; large-group keeping; free access of cows to a manger.

Author Details: O.E. Privalo, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.N. Shvetsov, D. Sc., prof., head of department (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); K.I. Privalo, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L.E. Ma)lykhina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior adviser (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M.R. Shvetsova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.E. Tat’yanicheva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M.M. Naumov, D. Sc. (Vet.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M.I. Podchalimov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof.; A.Ch. Li, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof.; V.V. Kontsevenko, D. Sc. (Vet.), prof., V.P. Kulachenko, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof.

For citation: Privalo O.E., Shvetsov N.N., Privalo K.I., Malykhina L.E., Shvetsova M.R., Tat’yanicheva O.E., Naumov M.M., Podchalimov M.I., Li A.Ch., Kontsevenko V.V., Kulachenko V.P. Consumption Level and Costs of Dry Matter as the Criterion of Efficiency of Dairy Cattle Feeding. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 12. Pp. 47-49 (in Russ.).