V.T. Volovik, A.S. Shpakov, Yu.K. Novoselov, T.V. Prologova, S.E. Sergeeva, L.M. Korovina, T.V. Leonidova
V.R. Williams Federal Scientific Center of Fodder Production and Agroecology, Nauchnyi gorodok, 1, Lobnya, Moskovskaya obl., 141055, Russian Federation
Abstract. The results of long-term research on the development of the concept of rape growing are summarized. In the structure of the acreage of oil cruciferous cultures of the Central Economic Region, spring rape should cover 65%, winter rape and winter coleseed – 20%; spring coleseed – 15.0%. Double zero varieties of spring rape were developed with the vegetation period of 100–110 days, potential productivity up to 3.5 t/ha of seeds, the content of fat of 42–50%, of crude protein – 22–28%, of glucosinolates – 11–15 micromol/g: Lugovskoy, Vikros, Podmoskovny, Novik, Grant, Novosel, Bizon. For the first time for the zone condition it was developed the varieties of winter rape Severyanin, Laureat, Stolichny, Gorizont, Garant, Nord with high winter hardiness, complex resistance to abiotic factors of wintering, high potential productivity (up to 6 t/ha of seeds and 35 t/ha of green mass), fat content of 42–48%, protein content of 22–25%. Svetlana and Nadezhda varieties of spring coleseed with the seed productivity of up to 2.5 tons per hectare ripen 2 weeks earlier than spring rapeseed; they are characterized by high fat content (up to 48%), low content of fiber (4.5–5.5%) and glucosinolates (11–13 micromol/g), which allows them to be used in higher doses when feeding animals and especially poultry. Variety of winter coleseed Zarya ripens a week before winter rape, it is distinguished by high winter hardiness and quality of seeds. Lugovskaya variety of white mustard and Snezhana variety of oil radish are suitable for use as green manure or intermediate crops in rotations of the forest zone.
Keywords: cruciferous cultures, rape, coleseed, white mustard, oil radish, breeding, seed growing, cultivation technologies, usage for forage.
Author Details: V.T.Volovik, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (e-mail Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.S. Shpakov, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow; Yu.K. Novoselov, D. Sc (Agr.); T.V. Prologova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; S.E. Sergeeva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; L.M. Korovina, Cand. Sc. (Сhem.), senior research fellow; T.V. Leonidova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow.
For citation: Volovik V.T., Shpakov A.S., Novoselov Yu.K., Prologova T.V., Sergeeva S.E., Korovina L.M., Leonidova T.V. Oil Cruciferous Cultures in Plant Production of the Central Economic Area. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 2. Pp. 33-35 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10208.