V.N. Zolotarev, N.I. Perepravo
V.R. Williams All-Russian Fodder Research Institute, Nauchnyi gorodok, k. 1, Lobnya, Moskovskaya obl., 141055, Russian Federation
Abstract. The aim of the work was to determine optimal seeding rates and sowing methods for seeds of Festulolium varieties of ryegrass and fescue morphotypes that ensure the formation of a better herbage structure for obtaining high seed yields over two years of use on sod-podzolic soils in the Central Non-Black Soil Region of Russia. The studies were carried out in 1995–2015 on the experimental field of V.R. Williams All-Russian Research Fodder Institute. The material for the study was Festulolium of the ryegrass morphotype ‘VIK 90’ and of the fescue morphotype ‘Izumrudny’. We studied the structure of the seed herbage of the 1st–3d years of life and the yield of seeds. The herbage of ‘VIK 90’ variety with the optimum density of shoots in the range of 98–169 pieces/m2 was formed at a seeding rate of 6–10 kg/ha, or 1.52–2.54 million germinated seeds per hectare. This made it possible to obtain the highest seed harvest in the range of 905–935 kg/ha with ordinary row (15 cm) sowing and 923–926 kg/ha – with a row spacing of 30 cm. In the second year of use of the herbage, the number of generative shoots decreased by 26–37%, number of seeds – by 36–42%, the yield of seeds – by 53–56%. The creation of a seed stand of ‘Izumrudny’ variety with optimum density was achieved by sowing of 4–8 kg of seeds per hectare, or 1.68–3.38 million germinated seeds per hectare at the row (15 cm) seeding method, and 4–10 kg/ha (1.68–4.22 million seeds/ha) at the row spacing of 30 cm. The yield of seeds of these herbages in the first year was 746–779 kg/ha. In the second year of use, the number of generative shoots decreased by 29–34%, the seed content of inflorescences – by 6–11% and the yield of seeds – by 39–41%.
Keywords: Festulolium; variety; morphotype; seeding rate; sowing method; optimal density; structure of seed herbage; yield; seeds.
Author Details: V.N. Zolotarev, head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.I. Perepravo, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory.
For citation: Zolotarev V.N., Perepravo N.I. Optimization of Seeding Rates and Sowing Methods of Festulolium Varieties of Different Morphotypes in Cultivation for Seeds. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 2. Pp. 36-39 (in Russ.). DOI:10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10209.