N. V. Sokolov, N. G. Zelkova
Krasnodar Research Centre Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, ul. Pervomaiskaya, 4, pos. Znamenskii, Krasnodar, 350055, Russian Federation
Abstract. The aim of the work was to estimate the productivity of sows at line breeding and at crossings as well as the productivity of replacement young animals during the period from 2012 to 2016. In the breeding reproducer in the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, specialized maternal lines of pigs of large white (LW) and Landrace (L) breeds were formed on the basis of animals of Danish breeding. The LW-sows (n = 149) excelled L-sows (n = 155) in the number of piglets per one farrow (14.03 ± 0.19 versus 12.46 ± 0.18 piglets) on 12.6%. The weight of L-litter in 30 days (94.8 ± 0.9 kg) exceeded the litter weight of LW-sows on 12.9% (84.0 ± 1.0 kg). After the crossing (LW x L) the litter weight increased on 8.0% (90.7 ± 0.9 kg) in comparison with the line breeding (LW x LW) (84.0 ± 1.0 kg). After the reciprocal crossing (L x LW) this index was 97.0 ± 0.8 kg, which was higher by 13.4% than for sows (LW x LW). The dispersion analysis of a two-factor complex, with the help of which the influence of sows, sires and their joint effect at line breeding and reciprocal crosses was compared, demonstrated the significant influence of sows for all parameters of reproduction qualities (from 4.0 to 9.1%), as well as the significant influence of sows and sires on the parameters at weaning (1.9%). The replacement L-sows (n = 248) in comparison with LW-animals (n = 284) had significantly better indicators for the age of reaching a mass of 100 kg – by 10 days (168 ± 0.8 days versus 178 ± 0.8 days), for the fat thickness over the 6-7th chest vertebrae – on 1.0 mm (12.2 ± 0.12 mm versus 13.2 ± 0.10 mm). But they were significantly inferior to the LW-sows by the depth of the muscle – by 4.8 mm (42.0 ± 0.29 mm versus 46.8 ± 0.27 mm) and lean meat yield – by 0.5% (57.7 ± 0.08%, against 58.2 ± 0.08%).
Keywords: pigs, Large White, Landrace, line breeding, reciprocal crossbreeding, reproductive and meat qualities, dispersion analysis, ultrasound.
Author Details: N.V. Sokolov, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.G. Zelkova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Sokolov N.V., Zelkova N.G. Comparative Productivity of Pigs of Large White and Landrace Breeds with Line Breeding and Crossing. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 4. Pp. 54-58 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10413.