G. V. Volkova, O. F. Vaganova, O. A. Kudinova
All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection, Krasnodar, p/o 39, 350039, Russian Federation
Abstract. The influence of crops of variety mixtures on the development of wheat leaf rust in the North Caucasus region was studied. The work was carried out in the experimental field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection in 2012–2015. Nine zoned varieties of winter wheat were used as a material for the research, among which, according to the results of the immunological assessment, two varieties, differing in the resistance to leaf rust, were selected for further study. They are resistant variety Irishka (R) and susceptible variety Krasnodarskaya 99 (S). These varieties have high economic value and similar phenotypic characteristics. For seeding, the seeds of the selected varieties were mixed and sown in a ratio of 1R:1S and 4R:1S in three replications. Pure varieties were the controls. Seeding rate was 20 g/m 2. The plot area was 6 m2. The observations were performed against an artificial infectious background. The authors took into account the degree of damage of plants by leaf rust and yield losses. It was noted the reduction of the disease development 2.3–2.6 times in the mixture of the equal parts of the resistant and susceptible varieties, compared to the susceptible variety. The amount of the saved yield ranged from 26.6 to 76.9 %, and the biological efficiency varied from 55.5 to 72.3%. In the variety mixture at a ratio of 4R:1S there was a decrease in damage 4.2–7.9 times, compared with the susceptible variety, the saved yield was equal to 34.5–91.0%. The biological efficiency of this ratio varied from 76.3 to 87.3%. The cultivation of the mixture of resistant and susceptible varieties (like Irishka and Krasnodarskaya 99 in the ratio of 4:1 and 1:1) is recommended for production practice in order to reduce the degree of development of P. triticina on winter wheat.
Keywords: winter wheat; leaf rust; Puccinia triticina; crops of variety mixtures; biological efficacy.
Author Details: G. V. Volkova, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. F. Vaganova, research fellow; O. A. Kudinova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), research fellow.
For citation: Volkova G. V., Vaganova O. F., Kudinova O. A. Efficiency of Crops of Variety Mixtures of Winter Wheat against the Agent of Leaf Rust. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 7. Pp. 14–16 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10703.