E. E. Khavkin1, E. V. Rogozina2, M. A. Kuznetsova3
1All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, ul. Timiryazevskaya, 42, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation
2Federal Research Center the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), ul. B. Morskaya, 42-44, Sankt-Peterburg, 190000, Russian Federation
3All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, ul. Institute, vl. 5, r.p. Bol’shie Vyazemy, Odintsovskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl.,143050, Russian Federation
Abstract. For sustainable potato industry, potato growers require varieties with stable productivity and resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses. Breeding such varieties employs a genetic diversity of cultured and wild species of genus Solanum, section Petota. Among potato diseases, a special place is occupied by late blight, which is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. Crop losses are dramatically increased by the epidemic progress of late blight under climatic conditions favourable for the pathogen development, or due to the appearance of new pathotypes of P. infestans, which are less susceptible to fungicides and are virulent to the potato varieties that were resistant to late blight previously. Breeding to anticipate is the best way to counter this threat: to develop potato varieties resistant to late blight from the donors derived from interspecific hybrids that comprise late blight resistance genes transferred from wild potato relatives. The stable resistance of these hybrids is provided by combining (pyramiding) of several resistance genes in one plant that collectively recognize a broad range of P. infestans pathotypes and can rapidly respond to sweeping changes in P. infestans populations. DNA markers allow to identify the resistance genes of diverse pathotype specificity, to isolate them and to control the transfer of these genes through hybridization and genetic transformation. Thus, marker-assisted breeding plays a crucial role when searching for sources of sustainability, breeding the donors and new varieties and assessing the authenticity of the seed material. Early identification of P. infestans pathotypes by SSR (simple sequence repeat) genotyping and avirulence gene profiling will increase the efficiency of chemical plant protection against late blight and reduce crop losses by choosing varieties resistant to recognized pathotypes.
Keywords: Solanum; Petota; Phytophthora infestans; interspecific hybrids; marker-assisted selection (MAS); Rpi (resistance to Phytophthora infestans) genes; durable resistance; pyramiding Rpi genes; Avr (avirulence) genes.
Author Details: E. E. Khavkin, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.; orcid.org/0000-0001-9177-3997); E. V. Rogozina, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of division (orcid.org/0000-0002-2743-068X); M. A. Kuznetsova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of division (orcid.org/0000-0002-9880-5995).
For citation: Khavkin E. E., Rogozina E. V., Kuznetsova M. A. Breeding of Unique Donors from Interspecific Potato Hybrids by DNA Marker-Assisted Pyramiding of Late Blight Resistance Genes. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 7. Pp. 21–25. (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10705.