G. N. Potapova, N. L. Zobnina
Ural Agricultural Research Institute – the branch of the Ural federal Agricultural scientific Research Center of the Ural branch of the RAS, ul. Glavnaya, 21,pos. Istok, Ekaterinburg, 610062, Russian Federation
Abstract. Winter cereals are used for green forage in many regions of Russia. The aim of the research was to study the productive capacity and nutritional value of fodder and grain varieties of winter rye and triticale at different mowing times for use for early green forage under conditions of the Middle Urals. Under agroclimatic conditions of the Middle Urals, winter rye varieties are suitable for use for early green forage in the last decade of May and the first decade of June. Varieties of winter triticale can be used to produce green forage in the first and second decades of June. On average over 2015–2017, in the third decade of May the height of plants of Parom grain variety and Komaritsa local variety of winter rye reached 47–65 cm, so they were suitable for obtaining early green forage. At the end of May the yield of the green mass of rye varieties was 8–12 t/ha, of dry matter – 1.7–2.5 t/ha; the collection of crude protein was at the level of 0.62 t/ha. The content of protein reached 25–30%, of fat – 3–4%, of carotene – 30–40 mg/kg of dry matter. In varieties of winter rye, in the first decade of June, the yield of green mass increased to 18–25 t/ha, of dry matter – to 4–6 t/ha, the protein content reduced to 15%; the collection of crude protein was 0.6–0.9 t/ha. In the first decade of June in the triticale crops the yield of green mass was 12–16 t/ha, of dry matter – 3–4 t/ha, the content of crude protein was 17%, of carotene –25–31 mg/kg; the yield of crude protein was 0.5–0.7 t/ha. In the second decade of June, the yield of green mass of triticale was 19–30 t/ha, of dry matter – 5.9–8.8 t/ha; the content of protein was 14% and of carotene –18–20 mg/kg; the yield of crude protein was 0.8–1.2 t/ha. The yield of green mass and dry matter of tall forage varieties of winter rye and triticale was higher by 25–30% than that of grain crops, therefore it is more profitable to grow forage crops in the case of cultivation for feed.
Keywords: variety; winter rye; winter triticale; early green forage; yield; green mass; dry matter; crude protein; carotene.
Author Details: G.N. Potapova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.L. Zobnina, senior research fellow.
For citation: Potapova G.N., Zobnina N.L. Prospects of Using Winter Rye and Triticale for Early Green Forage in Sverdlovsk Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 8. Pp. 46–50 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10812.