F. V. Eroshenko, E. O. Shestakova, L. R. Oganyan, I. G. Storchak
North-Caucasus Federal Scientific Agrarian Center, ul. Nikonova, 49, Mikhailovsk, Shpakovskii r-n, Stavropol’skii krai, 356241, Russian Federation
Abstract. Introduction of new highly productive varieties and hybrids of domestic crops is necessary for sustainable and effective grain production as a basis for food security. The solution of the problem of economic benefit of their use acquires particular urgency. The aim of the research was to give a comparative economic evaluation of the effectiveness of cultivating new varieties of winter wheat, originated in the North-Caucasian Federal Scientific Agrarian Center. Zustrich variety had the maximal efficiency when it was sown after bare fallow against a fertilized background: the average profit over the years of the research was 6,045.9 RUB/ha, the level of profitability was 170.1%, the cost price was 3,554.1 RUB/t. Stavka variety had the highest rates of economic efficiency. The highest profit (46,921.3 RUB/ha) for this variety was obtained, when it was sown after bare fallow against the fertilized background; while the maximum profitability for this variety was obtained in the variant with sowing after bare fallow without mineral fertilizers (223.0%). For Slava variety, higher yield and profit per hectare was in the fertilized variant after bare fallow. The improvement of nutrition conditions contributed to the increase in profit from the cultivation of this variety by 10,900 RUB/ha, or 41.1%, after bare fallow and by 4,200 RUB/ha, or 31.8%, after a grain forecrop. The highest profit from the cultivation of winter wheat ‘Stat’’ was obtained, when the variety was sown after bare fallow without fertilizer application – 6,570 RUB/t with the profitability level of 216.8%, which was higher than the corresponding average values over all varieties by 19.3% and 22.6%. Anisimovka variety, with consistently high yields against all backgrounds and after all forecrops, was characterized by the lowest cost price (2,683.4 RUB/t), however, due to the poor quality of grain (V class), the economic efficiency of its production was the lowest.
Keywords: winter wheat ( L.); yield; variety; forecrop; mineral nutrition level; gluten; economic efficiency; cost price; profitability level.
Author Details: F. V. Eroshenko, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of division (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E. O. Shestakova, post graduate student (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L. R. Oganyan, post graduate student (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I. G. Storchak, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Eroshenko F. V., Shestakova E. O., Oganyan L. R., Storchak I. G. Economic Efficiency of Cultivation of New Winter Wheat Varieties, Originated in the North-Caucasian Federal Scientific Agrarian Center. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 9. Pp. 114–117 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10927.