I. I. Gureev
All-Russian Research Institute of Farming and Soil Protection from Erosion, ul. Karla Marksa, 70b, Kursk, 305021, Russian Federation
Abstract. For the integrated mechanization of adaptive agricultural technologies for crop cultivation in the Central Chernozem Region, machine systems based on the equipment from the countries of the Customs Union (CU), as well as imported machines and tools. Modern energy-efficient high-performance equipment is heavy. The consequences are environmental problems associated not only with environmental pollution by exhaust gases, but also with anthropogenic soil degradation by overconsolidation by aggregates. Annual costs for environmental protection are normalized by the state standard. Money means of the cost of eliminating the effects of anthropogenic soil degradation is absent, that causes the depersonalization of resources required for soil protection measures, as well as the inadequacy of indicators of environmental efficiency of the equipment used. The purpose of the research was to substantiate the standard of the money cost for the elimination of harmful anthropogenic mechanical impact on the soil. Considering the cumulative nature of the anthropogenic degradation, it was quantitatively estimated by the work transformed by a complex of machinery units to compaction and destruction of the soil structure over a cycle of agricultural practices for crop production. It was established a linear relationship between the anthropogenic degradation Iв and the costs for elimination of its consequences C in the form: C = k*Iв, RUB/ha, where k was the norm of money costs in the form of specific costs necessary to bring the soil to its original state after the cycle of agricultural practices. The value of k per unit area of the field under the conditions of the Central Chernozem Region was 0.052 RUB/MJ in the spring period and 0.036 RUB/MJ in the summer-autumn period. The cost of eliminating the effects of the anthropogenic degradation in the complex mechanization of adaptive agricultural technologies for the imported equipment is 9.4% higher than for vehicles of the CU countries. The results can be used to supplement the state standard R 53056-2008.
Keywords: standard; costs; soil protection; environment; anthropogenic degradation; adaptive agricultural technology; machinery system.
Author Details: I. I. Gureev, D. Sc. (Tech.), chief research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Gureev I. I. On the Normative Costs for the Elimination Effects of Anthropogenic Degradation of Soil. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 11. Pp. 75–78 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11120.