O. V. Matushkina, I. N. Pronina, D. G. Shornikov, I. V. Michurin
I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center, ul. Michurina, 30, Michurinsk, Tambovskaya obl., 393774, Russian Federation
Abstract. M9 apple rootstock is the most promising one for Western Europe and the southern zone of horticulture in Russia. But it is difficult to propagate it in vitro. The characteristics of the rootstock morphogenesis were studied in isolated tissue culture. The experiments were carried out in 2017–2018. Meristematic tips with the size of 0.5–1.0 mm, buds, stem segments with a bud were used as explants. The explants were cultivated in vitro on Murashige-Skoog medium as well as on Linsmaier-Skoog, Hamburg, Quoirin-Lepoivre, Knop, Lloyd-McCown and Master (M6) media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) – 0.3 mg/L, thidiazuron (TDZ) – 0.03 mg/ L; BAP, indole-3-butyric (IBA) and gibberellic acid – 0.5 mg/ L, and vitamins B1 and B6 (0.5 mg/L) with ascorbic acid (1.5 mg/L) for unmodified media; vitamins B1 and B6 (0.1 mg/L) with ascorbic acid (1.0 mg/L) for modified Murashige-Skoog and Quoirin-Lepoivre media. Subculturing was performed in 4 weeks. The experiments were laid in 3 replicates of 15–20 explants in each. The meristematic tips occurred to be the optimal type of explants because the regeneration level of them was 65.0 and 15.0% in 1 and 2 months of cultivation on unmodified Quoirin-Lepoivre medium with BAP 0.3 mg/L. Use of IBA and GA with BAP and TDZ caused the death of all explants in 2–3 weeks of culturing. On all unmodified media with BAP 0.3 mg/L, explants formed callus tissue at the bottom of microshoots that led to their death in 2–3 months of cultivation. Utilization of modified Murashige-Skoog and Quoirin-Lepoivre media with BAP 0.3 mg/L solved the problem of intensive callus formation. Regeneration ability of the explants in l month of cultivation on the given media was higher by 19.3–55.2% than on other media (86.8 and 92.7% respectively). Termination of differentiation of meristematic tissue, its necrosis and the death of explants on them occurred in 3–4 months of cultivation.
Keywords: clonal micropropagation; in vitro; clonal apple rootstock; callus; morphogenesis; regeneration.
Author Details: O. V. Matushkina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I. N. Pronina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; D. G. Shornikov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), academic secretary.
For citation: Matushkina O. V., Pronina I. N., Shornikov D. G. Morphogenesis Peculiarities of M9 Clonal Rootstock of Apple Tree In Vitro Culture. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 2. Pp. 14–16. (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10204.