V. G. Vlasov, L. G. Zakharova
Ulyanovsk Agricultural Research Institute, ul. Institutskaya, 19, pos. Timiryazevskoe, Ul’yanovskii r-n, Ul’yanovskaya obl., 433315, Russian Federation
Abstract. In 2015–2016 at the experimental field of the Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture the investigations were carried out to determine the efficiency of mineral fertilizer application in the cultivation of spring soft wheat in the Volga forest-steppe. Spring soft wheat ‘Ulyanovskaya 105’ was the object of the research, which has been recommended for the cultivation in three regions of the Russian Federation since 2017. The design of the experiment included cultivation of the wheat after pea and winter wheat, autumn moldboard ploughing and shallow tillage. In each variant, there were three seeding rates and three backgrounds of mineral fertilization. The seeding rates were 4.5, 5.0, and 5.5 million germinating seeds per hectare. Mineral fertilizers were applied in the following variants: N24P6K0 before sowing; N64P18K35 before sowing + CeCeCe 750 retardant; N50P30K70 before sowing + N25 at the tillering stage + N30 after the earing stage + CeCeCe 750. These variants of fertilizer application were calculated for the planned yield of 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 t/ha, respectively. Periods of vegetation in the years of the research were characterized by increased temperature and shortage of precipitation. At the beginning of vegetation, the reserves of productive moisture in the one-meter layer amounted to 152.0–158.9 mm, in the second half of the vegetation they amounted to 65.1–65.7 mm. On average, Ulyanovskaya 105 variety formed the yield of 4.54 t/ha in all variants. After pea, the yield was higher by 0.72 t/ha than after winter wheat, the increase from shallow tillage was 0.91 t/ha, the gain from ploughing was 0.53 t/ha. The highest yield (4.87–5.42 t/ha) was at the combination of the seeding rate of 4.5 million seed/ha, ploughing and application of mineral fertilizers for the planned yield of 6.0 t/ha. The use of mineral fertilizers in the doses, calculated for the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha and 6.0 t/ha, increased it by 12–19% and 16–20%, compared to the dose for the yield of 4.0 t/ha.
Keywords: spring soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); mineral fertilizers; forecrop; tillage; seeding rate; yield; net income.
Author Details: V. G. Vlasov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L. G. Zakharova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), research fellow.
For citation: Vlasov V. G., Zakharova L. G. Yield Formation of the New Spring Soft Wheat Variety Ulyanovskaya 105 Depending on the Methods of Agrotechnics. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 3. Pp. 26–28 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10306.