Dependence of Productivity and Grain Quality of New Spring Wheat Varieties on the Seeding Rate and Sowing Term

F. S. Sultanov¹, A. A. Yudin¹, O. B. Gabdrakhimov^1,2, V. V. Krasnoshapko^1
1Irkutsk Agricultural Research Institute, ul. Dachnaja, 14, s. Pivovariha, Irkutskij r-n, Irkutskaja obl., 664511, Russian Federation
²A. A. Ezhevsky Irkutsk StateAgrarian University, pos. Molodezhny, Irkutskij r-n, Irkutskaja obl., 664038, Russian Federation

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of seeding rates and sowing term on the yield and grain quality of new spring wheat varieties. The work was carried out in 2016–2018 in the Irkutsk region. Tulunskaya 11, Zoryana, Marsiankaб and Stolypinka varieties were used for sowing. The first experiment included the seeding rates of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 million of germinable seeds per hectare. In the second experiment, the seeds were sowed on May 10, May 15, May 20, May 25 and May 30. In the first term sprouts appeared in 11–13 days; in the last term they appeared in 7–8 days after sowing. At the first sowing term, field seed germination was 69.9–71.4%; at the last sowing term it was higher by 4.6–8.2%. With an increase in the seeding rate from 4 to 7 million seeds/ha, the yield increased by 1.60–1.82 t/ha, or by 84.1–89.0%. At the same time, grain quality indicators improved. A further increase in the seeding rate did not provide a reliable increase in the yield. In the experiment the highest plant productivity and the best quality of grain (weight of 1000 seeds, gluten content) was noted for sowing in early terms: on May 10 and May 15. The highest net income (16,900–19,000 rubles/ha) and profitability (142.3–156.3%) with the minimum cost of grain (3121.1–3301.5 rubles/ton) was shown by Marsianka and Stolypinka varieties at the seeding rate of 7 million seeds/ha. The best results for all varieties were observed at early sowing (on May 10 and May 15).

Keywords: common spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); variety; seeding rate; sowing term; yield; grain quality; economic efficiency.

Author Details: F. S. Sultanov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. A. Yudin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. B. Gabdrakhimov, senior research fellow, assistant (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. V. Krasnoshapko, senior specialist.

For citation: Sultanov F. S., Yudin A. A., Gabdrakhimov O. B., Krasnoshapko V. V. Dependence of Productivity and Grain Quality of New Spring Wheat Varieties on the Seeding Rate and Sowing Term. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 6. Pp. 22–25 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10605.