T. A. Rozhmina, A. A. Zhuchenko, I. A. Kuzemkin, T. S. Kiseleva, E. G. Gerasimova
Federal Scientific Center of Bast-Fiber Crops Breeding, Komsomol’skii prosp., 17/56, Tver’, 170041, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were carried out to screen the samples of the world oil flax gene pool and identify the source material for developing varieties for multi-purpose use. The work was carried out in 2015–2018 in the Central Non-Chernozem Region on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil. The years 2015 and 2018 were characterized by drought. The hydrothermal coefficient amounted to 0.8 and 0.7, respectively. The conditions in 2016 and 2017 were favourable. The hydrothermal coefficient amounted to 1.1 and 1.3, respectively. The material for the study was 38 collection samples. Severny oil flax variety and Alpha fibre flax variety were selected as the main standards; Svetoch variety, selected as a standard of fibre quality, was used to assess morphological and anatomical characters. Row sowing was used; plot area amounted to 1 m2; the experiment was repeated three times. The largest seed harvest was provided by Ilim, Flanders, Bilton, and AGT 302/10 samples, which exceeded the standard (89.4 g/m2) by more than 15%. Uralsky, No. 3817, No. 3814, McDuff, and AGT 427/10 genotypes were characterized by a high oil content (43.7–46.0%). Voronezhsky 1308, Raciol, AGT 368/1, and LM 98 samples showed an increased fibre yield of 21.6–24.4% that amounted to 72–82% of the Alpha standard. The genotypes Vitagold, Recital, Bilton, AGT 1535/07, AGT 1568/07, Raciol, AGT 307/10, and LM 92 can be used for seed and fibre production. In terms of plant height, they were inferior to the Alpha standard by less than 15%. Recital and Raciol varieties were distinguished by increased decorticate ability. Flax sprits amounted to 16.7% and 19.8%, respectively. Raciol was not inferior to Svetoch by morphological and anatomical characters. By the length of elementary fibres the samples Kinelsky 2000, Vitagold, Bilton, AGT 1568/07, and AGT 307/10 were at the level of Alpha variety, which amounted to 85.7–90.0% of the standard.
Keywords: flax (Linum usitatissimum L.); seeds; oil; fiber; decorticate ability of the stem.
Author Details: T. A. Rozhmina, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. A. Zhuchenko, member of the RAS, chief research fellow; I. A. Kuzemkin, post graduate student; T. S. Kiseleva, senior research fellow; E. G. Gerasimova, senior research fellow.
For citation: Rozhmina T. A., Zhuchenko A. A., Kuzemkin I. A., Kiseleva T. S., Gerasimova E. G. Oil Flax as a Source of Fiber Raw Materials. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 9. Pp. 28–31 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10906.