G. S. Esedov, M. D. Mukailov
M. M. Dzhambulatov Dagestan State Agrarian University, ul. M. Gadzhieva, 180, Makhachkala, Respublika Dagestan, 367032, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies aimed to expand the range of technical and table grapes and improve the conveyor of table varieties of the culture. The work was conducted in 2015–2018 in South Dagestan. The material used for the study was introduced table (Podarok Zaporozhiyu, Shokoladnyy) and technical (Pervenets Magaracha, Tsitronnyy Magaracha) grape varieties, which were compared with the released varieties, Khatmi and Rkatsiteli, respectively. The grapes were planted in 2013. Experimental plots were irrigated and open-earth. Planting pattern was 3.0 m x 1.5 m. The bushes were formed according to the double-stemmed (80–100 cm high) horizontal one-sided cordon type. All the indicators were calculated for 15 bushes 4 times. We studied the effect of bud load of bushes and the effect of the length of pruning fruit vines on the productivity of table varieties; determined the economically valuable features of promising new technical varieties. The average yield of table varieties was 46.3% higher than the yield of the standard; the sugar content was 5.7% higher. The berry indicator value was 2.6 times lower than that of the Khatmi standard, and the structure index was 1.4 times higher. Normalization of the load of bushes with a yield by 50.0% increased the productivity and sugar content of Podarok Zaporozhia variety by 27.7% and 5.1%, respectively; the productivity and sugar content of Shokoladnyy variety increased by 6.7% and 3.7%, respectively. All the technical varieties were high yielding. For Tsitronnyy Magaracha variety, the value of this indicator was 1.9 times higher than that of Rkatsiteli standard (17.3 t/ha), and 1.6 times higher than that of Pervenets Magaracha variety. The mass concentration of sugars in Pervenets Magaracha variety was at the standard level and amounted to 226 g/dm3; in Tsitronnyy Magaracha, it exceeded 12.3%. The studied varieties can claim a worthy place in the assortment and conveyor of varieties in the south of the Republic of Dagestan.
Keywords: grape (Vitis vinifera L.); variety introducer; agricultural practices; yield; mass concentration of sugars in berry juice; mass concentration of titratable acids; uvological indicators.
Author Details: G. S. Esedov, applicant (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M. D. Mukailov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Esedov G. S., Mukailov M. D. Assessment of Quantitative and Qualitative Yield Criteria for New Grape Introducers in South Dagestan. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol.33. No. 10. Pp. 40–44 (inRuss.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11009.