V. Yu. Stupko1, N. V. Zobova1, A. V. Sidorov1, N. A. Gaevskii2
1Krasnoyarsk Agricultural Research Institute, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the SB of the RAS”, prosp. Svobodnyi, 66, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
2Siberian Federal University, prosp. Svobodnyi, 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Abstract. Twenty-one lines of spring common wheat selected at the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture were evaluated for sensitivity to drought and soil acidification by the authors’ methods. The results were correlated with the prospect of using the samples in production based on data on their field productivity in 2011–2015. Determination of acid resistance included germination of grains in inert support at 4.0 pH and the calculation of the reduction coefficient (Cred) based on the growth characteristics of seedlings. Drought resistance was assessed by two methods. A modified method included screening for grain germination in solutions of the osmotic polyethene glycol 6000 for 3 days. An author’s method included the assessment of photosynthetic activity (PA) of callus cultures in mediums with high osmotic pressure. Callusogenesis was induced using immature embryos selected in July and cultivated on Murashige and Skoog medium with 2,4-D. The PA parameters were recorded 4 weeks later, in August, using a fluorimeter. The genotypes stability was determined by the PA duration under the influence of saturating flashes. The results of laboratory testing together with the data on the yield of the studied genotypes made it possible to identify the most promising lines. Among them, we noted K-456-1 (Kanskaya variety), K-152 (Uyarochka variety), and K-159-1 (Krasnoyarskaya 12 variety). The first was characterized by high values of the studied parameters. Its Cred was 0.59, germination in the osmotic solution was 86.6%, yield increase over the standard was 16%, FA was up to 280 umol photons/m2 x sec. The second line was characterized by drought tolerance. Its germination capacity in osmotic solution was 90.6%. The third line was high-yielding; the yield increase was 27%, PA was up to 185 umol photons/m2 x sec. Early ripening lines were recognized as the most promising. Their average Cred was 0.55; the germination rate in an osmotic solution was 87.7%; the yield increase was 15%. The least promising lines were medium-late ripening genotypes. Laboratory test results coincided with yield data. The proposed methods accelerated stress resistance testing, reduced labour costs and the level of errors associated with field experiments against stress backgrounds.
Keywords: spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum); stability assessment; drought; low pH; fluorimeter.
Author Details: V. Yu. Stupko, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N. V. Zobova, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow; A. V. Sidorov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; N. A. Gaevskii, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof.
For citation: Stupko V. Yu., Zobova N. V., Sidorov A. V., Gaevskii N. A. Promising Methods for Assessing Spring Common Wheat for Sensitivity to Edaphic Stress. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 10. Pp. 45–50 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11010.