Genotypes of the EAF Blood Groups System in Cattle Breeding for Productivity

D. N. Koltsov¹, V. I. Dmitrieva¹, V. A. Bagirov², M. E. Gontov¹, V. A. Onufriev¹, O. V. Tatueva^1
1Federal Scientific Center of Bast-Fiber Crops Breeding, Komsomol’skii prosp., 17/56, Tver’, 170041, Russian Federation
²Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, ul. Tverskaya, 11, Moskva, 125993, Russian Federation

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to analyze the effect of genotypes in EAF-locus of blood groups on economic signs of Sychevskaya cows in a herd of the breeding farm Rybkovskoye in the Smolensk region in the period from 2006 to 2017. The work was conducted according to standard methods. In the EAF-locus three genotypes were identified: homozygous F/F and V/V, heterozygous F/V, with the occurrence of 66%, 2% and 32% in the herd. The lifetime milk productivity of the cows of V/V genotype was 27,547 kg, the duration of use was 4.6 lactations; the lifetime milk productivity of the cows of F/V genotype was 24,784 kg, and the duration of use was 4.4 lactations. For the cows of F/F genotype, the values of these parameters were 21,959 kg and 4.2 lactations, respectively. The difference in terms of lifetime productivity of the cows of F/V and F/F genotypes was significant. Depending on the milk yield during the first lactation, the cows were divided into five groups. The frequency of F/F genotype occurrence reduced from 77% to 54% with increasing milk yield during the first lactation; the frequency of F/V genotype increased from 21% to 40%. The V/V genotype occurred more often (6%) in the fifth group (the milk yield exceeded 6001 kg); in the first group (the milk yield less than 3000 kg) and in the second group (the milk yield from 3001 kg to 4000 kg) the frequencies of the V/V genotype were 2% and 3%, respectively. We determined the ratio of genotypes, calculated the actual level of homozygosity by EAF-locus and noted that its high level equal to 0.791 was characteristic for the cows with a milk yield less than 3000 kg The homozygosity level reduced to 0.600 with an increase in the milk yield during the first lactation. In the second, third, and fourth groups (productivity of the first lactation was 3001–6000 kg of milk) the cows of V/V genotype exceeded their peers in terms of milk yield during the maximum lactation, weight percentage of fat in the milk, and use duration. The difference was significant or close to significant.

Keywords: genotype; blood group; cattle; homozygote; heterozygote; milk yield; lifetime productivity; lactation.

Author Details: D. N. Koltsov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), branch director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. I. Dmitrieva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; V. A. Bagirov, D. Sc. (Biol.), corresponding member of the RAS, director of division; M. E. Gontov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; V. A. Onufriev, Cand. Sc. (Vet.), senior research fellow; O. V. Tatueva, senior research fellow.

For citation: Koltsov D. N., Dmitrieva V. I., Bagirov V. A., Gontov M. E., Onufriev V. A., Tatueva O. V. Genotypes of the EAF Blood Groups System in Cattle Breeding for Productivity. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 10. Pp. 58–61 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11013.