V. P. Tsvetkova1, 2, V. S. Maslennikova1, 2, M. V. Shternshis3, A. A. Lelyak2, A. I. Lelyak2
1Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, ul. Dobrolyubova, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russian Federation
2NPF “Issledovatelsky Tcentr”, promzona, k. 200, a/ya 247, naukograd Kol’tsovo, Novosibirskii r-n, Novosibirskaya obl., 630559, Russian Federation
3All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection, Krasnodar, p/o 39, 350039, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the studies was to identify the multifunctional properties of a promising mixture of microbial agents to suppress the causative agent of Rhizoctonia blight (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) and control the number of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) on potato in Western Siberia. The work was performed in 2017–2019 on Yuna potato variety. The soil was leached medium loamy chernozem. To reduce the prevalence of Rhizoctonia blight, the tubers were pretreated with a microbial mixture (10E6 CFU/mL) consisting of antagonistic bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens VKPM V 10642, Bacillus licheniformis VKPM V 10562, Bacillus subtilis VKPM V 1064), entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, and nematophagous fungi (Arthrobotrys oligospora and Duddingtonia flagrans). The same mixture was sprayed on vegetating plants to protect them against the Colorado potato beetle. The microbial mixture was preliminary tested on larvae of the Colorado potato beetle under laboratory conditions. The effect of the mixture on Rhizoctonia blight was assessed taking into account the number of affected stems in 4, 6, and 10 weeks after planting, as well as by the ratio of the mass fraction of the affected and healthy tubers of the new crop. The biological effectiveness of the new microbial mixture against the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle of the 1st and the 2nd age, noted in laboratory experiments, was comparable with the results obtained in case of spraying plants under field conditions. Pre-planting treatment of tubers and spraying of potato during the growing season with a multifunctional mixture ensured an increase in plant biomass 1.3–1.6 times, compared to the control option, due to an increase in their height (1.2 times) and the number of stems (1.4 times) and stolons (1.7–1.9 times). The affection of daughter tubers with Rhizoctonia blight decreased 2–3 times. On average over 3 years, the use of the mixture of bioagents increased potato yield, compared with the control, by 4.2 t/ha.
Keywords: microbial mixture; multifunctional properties; potato; Rhizoctonia blight; Colorado potato beetle; biological protection of plants.
Author Details: V.P. Tsvetkova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), associate professor; V.S. Maslennikova, post graduate student; M.V. Shternshis, Dr. Sc. (Biol.), chief researcher; A.A. Lelyak, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory; A.I. Lelyak, director.
For citation: Tsvetkova VP, Maslennikova VS, Shternshis MV, et al. [The effect of a multifunctional microbial mixture on the Rhizoctonia blight of potato and the Colorado potato beetle]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(3):26-31. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10305.