Yu. I. Mitrofanov, O. N. Antsiferova, L. V. Pugacheva, N. A. Smirnova, S. A. Luk’yanov
All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands, pos. Emmauss, 27, Kalininskii r-n, Tverskaya obl., 170530, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the improved rig band-broadcast sowing method when cultivating oats, as well as the feasibility of including of sowing special techniques in the technological scheme aimed at increasing field germination of seeds, improving biometric parameters of sowing, and increasing yield. The work was performed in 2015–2019 in the Tver region. The soil of the experimental plot was sod-podzolic, light loamy, and sandy loamy, drained by closed drainage, slightly acidic; the humus content was 2.28–2.60%. The experimental design included 3 methods of sowing: ordinary one by SZ-3.6 (control 1); rig band-broadcast (control 2); improved rig band-broadcast with levelling the seedbed devices. The technological scheme of the improved rig band-broadcast sowing method included levelling the surface of the sowing bed, sowing the seeds, pressing them with rollers into the soil, and closing them with coverers by raking the soil into the band with the formation of 40–80 mm high rigs. The conditions of the study years as a whole were humid (HTC according to Selyaninov was 1.16–1.93) with some dry periods. The use of an improved rig sowing method compared with the unimproved method (control 2) resulted in an increase in field germination of seeds by 12.7%, plant survival – by 5.3%, maximum leaf area – by 14.1%, the number of productive stems – by 4.2%, and the mass of grain in a panicle – by 9.4%. Grain yield in the option with improved rig method of sowing, compared with the conventional method, was higher by 26.5%, compared with unimproved rig method it was higher by 14.5%. The greatest effect of the levelling device application was registered in the years with arid conditions in the sowing and postsowing periods. When the regime of the pressure of the rollers on the soil was average and maximum the oat yield was higher than when the pressure was minimum by 0.33–0.38 t/ha, or by 9.5– 11.0%.
Keywords: oats (Avena sativa); drained lands; rig method of sowing; pressure of rollers; crop structure; yield.
Author Details: Yu. I. Mitrofanov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. N. Antsiferova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), academic secretary; L. V. Pugacheva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; N. A. Smirnova, junior research fellow; S. A. Luk’yanov, junior research fellow.
For citation: Mitrofanov YuI, Antsiferova ON, Pugacheva LV., et al. [Improved rig method for sowing oats on drained lands]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(4):32-5. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10406.