A. V. Fedyushkin, S. V. Pasko
Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center, ul. Institutskaya, 1, pos. Rassvet, Aksaiskii r-n, Rostovskaya obl., 346735, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the studies was to determine the optimal method of sowing and the background of mineral nutrition for the cultivation of new chickpea variety Donplaza. The work was carried out in a stationary experiment with long-term systematic use of fertilizers in crop rotations in the Rostov region. A two-factor experiment included factor A – seeding method and factor B – mineral nutrition background. The seeding methods were row (row spacing was 15 cm); narrow-row (row spacing was 7.5 cm); wide-row (row spacing was 30 cm); wide-row (row spacing was 45 cm). The rates of fertilizers were zero (without fertilizer); N30P30; N60; N30. The soil of the experimental plot was ordinary chernozem with a short freezing period. The experiment was repeated three times. The use of fertilizers improved the mineral nutrition of chickpea for all the studied sowing methods. Crop sowing was the most effective at the row spacing of 45 cm. In this case, we registered a larger number of branches and pods on the plant, as well as larger grains. This led to the formation of a yield of 2.16 t/ha without the use of mineral fertilizers. Chickpea cultivation against the background of N30P30 caused the best results, the yield increased to 2.79 t/ha. The highest economic effect was achieved when cultivating chickpea with the row spacing of 45 cm, which reduced production costs by 6.70–6.78 thousand rubles/ha and prime cost by 4.3–7.2 thousand rubles/t at the highest qualified net income. It is advisable to combine this sowing method with the application of fertilizers at the dose of N30P30, which ensures the maximum in the experiment qualified net income with a high payback of direct costs.
Keywords: chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.); sowing method; mineral nutrition; crop structure; yield; economic efficiency.
Author Details: A. V. Fedyushkin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (e-mail: аЭтот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); S. V. Pasko, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Fedyushkin A. V., Pasko S. V. [The efficiency of chickpea cultivation on ordinary chernozem depending on the seeding method and mineral nutrition background]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(5):28-32.Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10505.