A. A. Plotnikov, V. A. Ivanchik
State Station of Agrochemical Service “Kostromskaya”, prosp. Mira, 53A, Kostroma, 156013, Russian Federation
Abstract. We study the effect of various doses of mineral fertilizers on the productivity and tubers quality of potato Nevsky under conditions of the Kostroma region. The soil of the experimental plot was sod-podzolics; the granulometric composition was light loamy. The thickness of the arable layer was 18–20 cm; the pH of the salt extract was 5.4 units; the humus content (according to Tyurin’s method) was 1.8%; the content of mobile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov’s method) was 124–320 mg/kg and 44–78 mg/kg, respectively. The experimental design included the following options: without fertilizers (control); with mineral fertilizers in the doses of N30P30K30, N30P30K60, N30P30K90, N30P30K120, N30P60K30, N30P60K60, N30P60K90, and N30P60K120. On average over the years of the research, the application of 1 kg of primary nutrient of mineral fertilizers ensured the formation of 34.3–46.9 kg of potato tubers. This value was close to the normal one (40 kg/kg). The highest cost recovery was noted in the option of N30P60K30. The nitrate content in potato tubers was 80–100 mg/kg of raw material; in all options in all years of the research, it did not exceed the maximum admissible concentration (250 mg/kg). The highest productivity (23.62 t/ha) was registered for the dose of N30P60K120. An increase compared to the control option amounted to 7.98 t/ha, or 51%. The dry matter content in tubers in this option was higher than in the control by 1.26%; the starch content was higher by 3.15%; the content of nitrates in tubers was higher by 12.50 mg/kg; marketability of tubers was higher by 1.4%. The use of fertilizers in such quantity was economically profitable: net income was 40.6 thousand rubles per hectare; profitability was 135.9%.
Keywords: potato; mineral fertilizers; potassium; productivity; quality of tubers; dry matter; starch; marketability; nitrates.
Author Details: A. A. Plotnikov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. A. Ivanchik, chief agrochemist.
For citation: Plotnikov AA, Ivanchik VA. [The effect of various doses of mineral fertilizers on the productivity and quality of potato tubers, grown in sod-podzolics light loamy soils in the Kostroma region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(5):33-6. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10506.