L. M. Rubtsov, T. S. Yurchenko, G. P. Khomenok
Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture, Khabarovsk Federal Research Center, Far Eastern branch, RAS, pos. Vostochnyi-1, Khabarovskii krai, 680521, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of prolonged anthropogenic stress on the agrophysical and physicochemical properties of meadow brown loamy soil in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory. The soil under consideration was compared with the virgin land (meadow) in 2019 at the end of the eighth crop rotation laid in 1963–1965. The impact of crops and their alternation on the content of water-resistant aggregates in the soil was studied in the crop rotations laid in 1991–1995. The effect of changing the type of use on soil properties was determined on the site of a long-term cultivated pasture, introduced into agricultural use in 1990. The humus content in the arable layer of the original soil was 4% or more; the reaction of the medium was acidic (pH salt was less than 4.5); hydrolytic acidity was high (10–12 mg-eq/100 g); the availability of mobile phosphorus was low; the availability of exchange potassium was high and very high. The main changes in soil properties during long-term agricultural use were registered in the upper 0–20 cm layer. From 1963–1965 to 2019 in the field crop rotation, soil density, compared with the virgin area, increased by 0.38–0.62 g/cm3, the porosity decreased by 13.0–21.9%, the humus content decreased by 1.2–2.1%, the total nitrogen content reduced by 0.14–0.29%. The largest share of water-resistant aggregates in the soil was noted in a five-field crop rotation with clover – 43.1%; the smallest share of water-resistant aggregates in the soil was noted in a two-field crop rotation and with permanent cultivation of corn – 28.1–31.4%. Their maximum number of water-resistant aggregates was in the clover field (49.6–50.8%). In the case of long-term cultivation of crops on the site of long-term pasture, the content of mobile phosphorus increased, compared to the initial content, by 0.4–3.2 mg/100 g; the potassium content increased by 4.6–7.1 mg/100 g. At the same time, mobile phosphorus migrated both down the soil profile and along the slope, whereas potassium accumulated in the upper part of the arable layer of the soil and slope.
Keywords: seasonal permafrost soil; anthropogenic load; agrophysical properties; agrochemical properties; crop rotation; Middle Amur Region.
Author Details: L. M. Rubtsov, senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); T. S. Yurchenko, senior research fellow; G. P. Khomenok, senior research fellow.
For citation: Rubtsov LM, Yurchenko TS, Khomenok GP [The effect of prolonged anthropogenic stress on the change in the agrophysical and physicochemical properties of seasonally permafrost soils in the Khabarovsk Territory]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(6): 11-6.Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10602.