E. A. Demina, A. I. Kincharov, T. Yu. Taranova, O. S. Mullayanova, K. Yu. Chekmasova
Samara Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Konstantinov Volga Research Institute of Breeding and Seed Production, ul. Shosseinaya, 76, pgt. Ust’-Kinel’skii, Samarskaya obl., 446442, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to breed new varieties of spring common wheat, characterized by a consistently high yield and grain quality, highly adaptable and resistant to stress factors in the region. The work was performed in the forest-steppe zone of the Samara region in 2016–2019. The object of the study was 36 samples included in competitive testing, differing in productivity and grain quality potential. The standard was regionalized Kinelskaya Niva variety. For breeding new varieties we used conventional (classical) methods. The varieties were studied and assessed according to the state variety testing methodology for crops. The meteorological conditions during the growing seasons were changeable that is typical for the study area. In 2016, the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) was 0.38; in 2017, it was 1.04; in 2018, it was 0.51; in 2019, it was 0.48; average annual value of the indicator was 0.73. The average yield of the varieties included in competitive testing varied from 2.00 t/ha (2019) to 3.41 t/ha (2017) with a variation coefficient (VC) over the years of 26.2%. The most interesting for breeding were the varieties that combined a high yield and a lower VC of this trait: Erythrospermum 6310/10-63 (VC = 21.0%), Erythrospermum 6381 (VC = 24.4%), Erythrospermum 6517/24-1 (VC = 24.9%). The adaptability of new varieties was high – 102.8–116.8% on average. We selected promising varieties with high and stable productivity (increase in grain yield relative to the standard was 0.12–0.47 t/ha, or 4.7–18.6%), grain quality corresponding to the requirements for strong and valuable wheat varieties, and with high complex resistance to leafy fungal diseases. The overall baking score of the varieties was quite high – on average, 3.9–4.4 points. Promising varieties of spring common wheat with breeding numbers – Erythrospermum 4144, Lutescens 6029, Lutescens 6102/1-32, Erythrospermum 6310/10-63, Erythrospermum 6381, and Erythrospermum 6517/24-1 – are planned to be transferred to the State test in the Middle Volga region. The primary production of their seeds was launched.
Keywords: spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); breeding; variety; competitive testing; productivity; grain quality; adaptability; resistance.
Author Details: E. A. Demina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. I. Kincharov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); T. Yu. Taranova, junior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. S. Mullayanova, junior research fellow; K. Yu. Chekmasova, junior research fellow.
For citation: Demina EA, Kincharov AI, Taranova TYu, et al. [Modern varieties of spring common wheat for the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(10):16-21. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11002.