A. F. Sukhorukov
Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Samara Scientific Research Agriculture Institute named after N. M. Tulaykov, ul. K. Marksa, 41, pos. Bezenchuk, Bezenchukskii r-n, Samarskaya obl., 446254, Russian Federation
Abstract. The study aimed to evaluate the economic and biological characteristics of the short-stem winter wheat variety Vyuga under varying environmental conditions. We compared the short-stem variety Vyuga (plant height is 78 cm) with tall Bezenchukskaya 380 variety and medium-sized Biryuza variety. The studies were conducted in 2016–2019 in the Samara region according to the methodology of the State Variety Testing Commission. Vyuga is a winter-hardy (100%) and mid-ripening variety. The duration of its growing season is 320 days that is 3 days shorter than that of Bezenchukskaya 380 variety. Its potential yield in the Middle Volga region is 8.25 t/ha. The average yield of the tested variety over the years of the study was 5.64 t/ha, which was higher by 1.04 t/ha and 0.77 t/ha than that of Bezenchukskaya 380 and Biryuza varieties, respectively. Under drought conditions during the earing-ripening period in 2018, Vyuga variety exceeded Bezenchukskaya 380 and Biryuza varieties in productivity by 1.07 t/ha and 1.16 t/ha, respectively. A better yield of Vyuga variety under favourable conditions of 2017 was associated with increased stand density (635 pcs/m2, it is higher by 225 pcs/m2 than that of Bezenchukskaya 380 variety). Under the drought conditions of 2018, a better productivity was associated with the increased number of grains per ear (51 pcs), which was 12 pcs more than that of Bezenchukskaya 380 variety. The mass of 1000 grains varied within the range of 29.0–42.2 g. Vyuga variety was included in the list of valuable varieties in terms of grain quality: falling number – 327 s, the mass fraction of protein – 15.3%, the mass fraction of gluten – 32.5%, valorimetric score – 77 units, bread volume – 835 mL, overall bread score – 4.6 points. The variety is resistant to brown rust Puccinia recondita (the type of reaction to affection is 0; affection degree is 0%); it is moderately sensitive to pyrepophorosis (affection degree is 20%) and slightly susceptible to powdery mildew (affection degree is 5%).
Keywords: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); variety; grain quality; yield; crop structure; brown rust (Puccinia recondita Rob.ex Desm.f.sp.tritici); powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis); pyrenophorosis; correlation.
Author Details: A. F. Sukhorukov, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Sukhorukov AF. [Vyuga winter wheat variety]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(10):22-7. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11003.