I. S. Agas’eva, V. Ya. Ismailov, M. V. Nefedova, A. S. Nastasii, E. V. Fedorenko
Federal Scientific Center for Biological Plant Protection, Krasnodar, p/o 39, 350039, Russian Federation
Abstract. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of entomophages and acariphages in the biological protection systems of apple orchards. The work was performed in 2019–2020 in a garden in the Abinsky district of the Krasnodar Territory, established in 2013, which started yielding fruit in the fourth or fifth year (1 ha) and in a garden in the Krymsky district of the Krasnodar Territory, established in 2012, which started yielding fruit in the fourth year (3 ha). The planting pattern was 5x2 m; crown formation was spindle. The gardens were cultivated according to the organic standard. The creation of reproducing reserves of aphidophages in the early spring period made it possible to restrain the abundance of apple Aphis pomi Deg. and Dysaphis devecta Walk. aphids during the formation of the leaf apparatus. This technique determined the possibility of creating preventively breeding reserves of bioagents during the period when the number of natural populations of entomophages after wintering is still very low. Larvae of Coccinellidae and hymenopterous aphidophage Aphidius colemani Vier were released at the first detection of A. pomi and D. devecta with a predator : prey ratio of 1:3–1:8 and with a parasite : host ratio of 1:10–1:15. The biological effectiveness of the developed method was 82.8–88.6%. To suppress the number of tetranychid ticks (Tetranychidae), we used a mixture of predatory ticks Metaseiulus occidentalis Nesb. and Amblyseius andersoni Athias-Henriot. Their effectiveness against Tetranychus urticae Koch. and Panonychus ulmi Koch. amounted to 80–90%. Entomophages and acariphages can be released at those organic farms where the use of chemicals is prohibited.
Keywords: biological defense; aphidophages (Coccinelidae and Aphidius colemani Vier.); Herbivorous ticks (Tetranychus urticae Koch. and Panonychus ulmi Koch.); apple aphid (Aphis pomi Deg.); red-gall aphid (Dysaphis devecta Walk.), predatory mites (Metaseiulus occidentalis Nesb. and Amblyseius andersoni Athias-Henriot).
Author Details: I. S. Agas’eva, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. Ya. Ismailov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; M. V. Nefedova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow; A. S. Nastasii, junior research fellow; E. V. Fedorenko, junior research fellow.
For citation: Agas’eva IS, Ismailov VYa, Nefedova MV, et al. [Evaluation of the effectiveness of entomophages and acariphages in biological protection systems of an apple orchard]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(2):47-51. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10207.