P. M. Mal’chikov, M. G. Myasnikova
Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Samara Scientific Research Agriculture Institute named after N. M. Tulaykov, ul. K. Marksa, 41, pos. Bezenchuk, Bezenchukskii r-n, Samarskaya obl., 446254, Russian Federation
Abstract. We determined the level of adaptability of modern lines bred in Italy in comparison with Russian varieties included in the Register of breeding achievements in the Middle Volga region of the Russian Federation. The work was performed in the Samara region on chernozem soils in 2012–2020. We studied six lines bred in Italy and six varieties bred in Samara. Experimental plots with a counting area of 10.0 m2 were placed in randomized blocks thrice and four times. Based on the parameters determined by the methods of Kilchevsky, Khotyleva, Khangildin, Nettevich, Eberhart, and Russel and factor analysis, all genotypes were divided into two clusters. The first cluster was formed by the varieties bred in Samara; the second cluster was formed by the varieties bred in Italy. The distribution of genotypes into clusters was determined by significant differences between them in terms of adaptability and real yield (GAPi in the 1st cluster was 2.31; in the 2nd cluster it was 1.24; Sgi was 29.6 and 52.5; BGVi was 14.8 and 4.6; Hom was 4.77 and 1.17; Xi/CVi was 0.77 and 0.24; VYS was 100.68 and 17.08, respectively). We did not find any differences in the coefficient of regression of the yield of genotypes for the environment (bi) (Fisher’s criterion was not significant) – for the 1st cluster it was 1.05; for the 2nd cluster, it was 0.94. This was due to the action of specific systems of responsiveness to improve the environment for Italian lines. The best line in terms of this indicator was ISD-22 (Italy) with a regression coefficient bi=1.23 with an average bi=1 for all varieties. It was proposed to be used in breeding to improve responsiveness to environmental conditions. Two lines, ISD-18 and ISD-20, were promising for study and use for breeding in terms of adaptability parameters: Sgi – 47.9 and 47.7; BGVi – 5.4 and 5.8, respectively, with the average values of these indicators 52.5 and 4.6.
Keywords: durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.); variety; line; adaptability; responsiveness; biplot analysis.
Author Details: Mal’chikov P. M., D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); Myasnikova M. G., Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Mal’chikov PM, Myasnikova MG. [Adaptability of breeding lines of durum wheat from Italy under conditions of the Middle Volga region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(3):28-32. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10305.