F. S. Sultanov, A. A. Razina, O. B. Gabdrakhimov, O. G. Dyatlova
Irkutsk Agricultural Research Institute, ul. Dachnaja, 14, s. Pivovariha, Irkutskij r-n, Irkutskaja obl., 664511, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the influence of modern biological and chemical seed dressing on the productivity of new varieties of spring wheat and the economic efficiency of their cultivation. The work was performed in the Irkutsk region in 2018–2020. We cultivated the varieties (factor A) Tulunskaya 11, Marsianka, and Stolypinka. The experimental design provided for the study of the following options for the use of dressing agents (factor B): without seed treatment (control); BisolbiSan F, 1 L/t; Stimmunol EF F, 10 mL/t; Oplot Trio WSC, 0.5 L/t; Grandsil Ultra SC, 0.5 L/t; Maksim Plus WSC, 1.5 L/t; Vial TrasT WSC, 0.4 L/t. When sowing with treated seeds, the prevalence of root rot in the tillering phase of wheat was on average 15.6–42.6% less than in the control. On average over varieties, chemical preparations restrained the spread of the disease 1.3–1.9 times better than biological preparations. In the option with the use of Maksim Plus, the number of productive stems in the structure of the crop increased, compared with the control, by 5.7–12.4 pcs/m2; the number of grains per ear increased by 1.0–1.9 pcs. Weight of 1000 seeds increased by 0.5–1.6 g. The greatest safety of the crop from diseases and an increase at the level of 0.33–0.35 t/ha were noted in the options with the use of dressing agents Maksim Plus and Vial TrasT. Treatment with Vial TrasT increased the protein content in the grain of Stolypinka variety, in comparison with the control, by 1.0%, and the gluten content in Marsianka variety by 2.8%. The economic efficiency of biological products was significantly lower than that of chemical disinfectants. The highest net income (12.49–13.37 thousand rubles/ha) and profitability (108.5–118.6%), as well as the lowest production cost (3659.0–3836.7 rubles/t) ensured the use of the disinfectant Vial TrasT, WSC at the dose of 0.4 L/t.
Keywords: spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); variety; biological preparation; chemical dressing agent; yield; grain quality; economic efficiency.
Author Details: F. S. Sultanov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. A. Razina, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. B. Gabdrakhimov, senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. G. Dyatlova, research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Sultanov FS, Razina AA, Gabdrakhimov OB, et al. [Efficiency of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of new spring wheat varieties with biological preparations and chemical dressing agents]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(3):33-8. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10306.