E. V. Kulikova, L. N. Gordienko, A. N. Novikov
Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, ul. Koroleva, 26, Omsk, 644027, Russian Federation
Abstract. Reindeer brucellosis is a zooanthroponous infection that is registered everywhere in the Russian North. Reindeer products are highly valued in the Russian and world markets: dietary meat, endocrine-enzymatic and leather raw materials. It must not only meet quality standards but also be safe for humans. The purpose of the study was to develop a strategy for the formation of epizootic brucellosis wellbeing in reindeer husbandry. The work was performed on a model of reindeer herding farms in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in 1999–2020. During the study period, 22.5 thousand samples of reindeer blood were subjected to serological diagnostics; 7,000 samples of biomaterial were subjected to bacteriological diagnostics. The studies were conducted by conventional methods using standard strains of typical (S-) forms of brucella and experimentally obtained diagnosticums from R-forms of brucella to differentiate the infectious process from post-vaccination reactions. From reindeer organs, we isolated 68 Brucella cultures in the typical S-form. For the first time, pieces of freshly sawn antlers were used as an object for intravital bacteriological diagnostics, from which 24 cultures identified as Brucella suis 4 biovars were isolated. Outbreaks of reindeer brucellosis persist in the Tazovsky and Nadymsky districts of the Yamal-Nenets autonomous area. At the same time, the spread speed of the disease over the past 5 years has decreased to 3.7% and 6.0%, respectively, which is associated with the implementation of specific prevention measures in farms under supervision. To create epizootic brucellosis wellbeing, we need to introduce continuous epizootic monitoring, strict observance of restrictive sanitary measures, and universal identification of animals. In a serological study of the vaccinated livestock, it is advisable to additionally use diagnostic tests made from R-forms of brucella. For an objective assessment of the status of herd animals and control of the safety of endocrine-enzymatic raw materials harvested from reindeer in the territory bordering the foci of brucellosis infection, it is necessary to conduct bacteriological diagnostics of raw materials.
Keywords: reindeer; brucellosis; epizootic well-being; antlers; endocrine-enzymatic raw materials; bacteriological diagnostics; serological studies; differentiation.
Author Details: E. V. Kulikova, research fellow; L. N. Gordienko, Cand. Sc. (Vet.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. N. Novikov, Cand. Sc. (Vet.), head of laboratory.
For citation: Kulikova EV, Gordienko LN, Novikov AN. [Modern strategy for ensuring epizootic brucellosis wellbeing in reindeer husbandry] Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(5):49-54. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10508.