N. N. Voshedsky, V. A. Kulygin
Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center, ul. Institutskaya, 1, pos. Rassvet, Aksaiskii r-n, Rostovskaya obl., 346735, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to identify the optimal combination of primary tillage methods, seeding rates, and fertilizer dosages in the cultivation of new pea varieties Premyer and Sotnik. The work was performed in 2019–2020 under dry conditions in the Azov zone of the Rostov region. The design of the experiment provided for the study of the following options: primary tillage (factor A) – combined ploughing, and chisel tillage; seeding rate (factor B) – 0.8 mln pcs/ha, 1.0 mln pcs/ha, and 1.2 mln pcs/ha; fertilizer rate (factor C) – without fertilizers (0), medium (N15P40K40), and high (N30P80K80). The soil of the experimental plot was ordinary chernozem. A higher average yield of pea in the experiment was noted for ploughing: for Premyer variety it was 2.13 t/ha; for Sotnik variety it was 2.03 t/ha. The best average cost price (8.2 thousand rubles/ha and 8.9 thousand rubles/ha, respectively) and profitability (168.2% and 146.4%, respectively) were achieved in the case of chisel primary tillage. The optimum seeding rate for pea was 1.2 million pcs/ha. Reducing it from 1.2 million units/ha to 1.0 million units/ha led to a decrease in the average yield of pea varieties by 10.0% and 12.8%, respectively. The application of N15P40K40 increased the yield of varieties Premyer and Sotnik by 0.4 t/ha (23.5–24.4%); the application of N30P80K80 increased the yield by 0.72 t/ha and 0.64 t/ha (42.4% and 39.0%), respectively, in relation to the control. The best payback on fertilizers with additional products was noted against a medium nutritional background. It amounted to 4.21 kg/kg for both varieties. The highest yield in the experiment was registered for ploughing, a high fertilizer dosage (N30P80K80) and a seeding rate of 1.2 million seeds/ha: for Premyer variety it was 2.82 t/ha; for Sotnik variety it was 2.63 t/ha.
Keywords: peas (Pisum L.); tillage method; seeding rate; fertilization background; yield; increase; payback.
Author Details: N. N. Voshedsky, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. A. Kulygin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Voshedsky NN, Kulygin VA [Influence of cultivation technology elements on the yield of new pea varieties under dryland conditions of the Rostov region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(8):14-9. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_35_8_14.