D. I. Eremin, A. V. Lyubimova, A. K. Tautekenova, D. A. Kochneva
Research Agricultural Institute of the Northern Trans-Urals, branch of the Federal Research Center of Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Burlaki, 2, pos. Moskovskii, Tyumenskii r-n, Tyumenskaya obl., 625501, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies aimed to determine the degree of phenotypic dominance and the heterosis effect in first-generation oat hybrids using the most productive parental forms in the Northern Trans-Urals. The work was carried out in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals in 2019-2020. The soil was dark grey forest solodic heavy loamy. The predecessor was "black" fallow. The 2019 growing season was wet and moderately warm; 2020 – hot and moderately humid. The following parental components participated in the experiment: Otrada, Megion, Tyumensky golozerny, Orel, Severyanin, selected as the most productive in Western Siberia. Reciprocal crossings were carried out. Inheritance of economically valuable traits (graininess of the panicle, weight of 1000 grains, weight of grain from the main panicle and the whole plant) by hybrids of the first generation varied from depression to overdominance. By the trait of “panicle graininess”, the hybrid combinations Otrada × Orel, Eagle × Otrada, Severyanin × Otrada, Tyumensky golozerny × Otrada were the best. The effect of true heterosis of these combinations reached 19.0-25.5% with a degree of phenotypic dominance from 4.1 to 12.4 units. Negative heterosis in the weight of 1000 grains was observed in combinations Severyanin × Otrada and Tyumensky golozerny × Otrada. True heterosis in these combinations was minimal in the experiment (-31.0 and -31.3%, respectively). In breeding for increasing productivity under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals, hybrid combinations of varieties Otrada × Orel, Orel × Otrada and Otrada × Severyanin, which were characterised by a strong heterotic effect in terms of the main economically valuable traits, turned out to be promising. In the selection of large-grain oat varieties, it is future-proof to use the hybrid combination Otrada × Megion, which has a pronounced heterosis of the mass of 1000 grains (15.9%) with overdominance (8.5).
Keywords: hybrids; heterosis; degree of phenotypic dominance; economically valuable traits; oat breeding; hybrid combination; selection of parent pairs.
Author Details: D. I. Eremin, D. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. V. Lyubimova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory; A. K. Tautekenova, junior research fellow; D. A. Kochneva, junior research fellow.
For citation: Eremin DI, Lyubimova AV, Tautekenova AK, et al. [Elements of productivity and the nature of their inheritance by F1 hybrids of spring oat (Avena sativa L.) in Western Siberia]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022; 36(7):25-30. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_7_25.