A. I. Grabovets
Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center, ul. Institutskaya, 1, pos. Rassvet, Aksaiskii raion, Rostovskaya obl., 346735, Russian Federation
Abstract. The results of the joint breeding of wheat and triticale in the Rostov Federal Agrarian Research Centre (Rostov FARC) and the Kursk Federal Agrarian Research Centre (Kursk FARC) are presented. As a result of the research work carried out over many years, new generation varieties have been created that not only have high ecological plasticity, but also have a significant reserve for several abiotic traits. This is evidenced by the wide areas of access for the varieties Gubernator Dona, Donjeko, Donskaja lira, Zolushka, Akapella, etc. In the State Register of the Russian Federation for 2022, 26 triticale varieties of the Rostov FARC breeding are included. In addition, together with the Kursk FARC, the triticale Sejm 20 was transferred to the State Seed Inspection Agency, and the variety Boguslav was included in the State Register for three soil and climatic zones of the Russian Federation. Promising varieties of winter wheat Kurjanochka 19 and Granta are undergoing state testing. Research on the creation of grain triticale with baking properties has been widely developed. A number of genotypes with a bread volume similar to wheat (750 cm3 and more) has been identified – 2984/19, 3232/20, 2714/21, 2716/21, etc. Rostov FARC is a leader in the breeding of high-carotenoid triticale suitable for processing into pasta, in which the amount of carotenoids is the same or greater than in spring durum wheat, and the grain yield is 2.5 times higher. The content of carotenoids in the grain of plant line 2890/21 reaches 546 mg%, of plant line 2622/21 – 475 mg%, and plant line 3232/21 – 440 mg%. Measures have been proposed to amend the Federal Law “On seed production”, to improve legislative acts and methods for determining the quality of seeds in the control and seed business, and to change radically the situation with small-sized equipment for breeding and seed production. It is necessary to develop new all-Union State Standards to replace the old ones introduced back in the USSR (validity of seed quality certificates, seed testing protocols, size of a selected lot for analysis, etc.).
Keywords: breeding; seed production; grain crops; wheat; winter triticale.
Author Details: A. I. Grabovets, D.Sc. (Agr.), main researcher (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Grabovets AI [Problems of grain crops breeding and seed production and prospects for scientific and innovative support of the agro-industrial complex of the regions] Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;36(8):10-13. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_36_8_10.