S. N. Shevchenko, I. A. Kalyakulina, D. O. Dolzhenko, A. A. Bisharev
Tulajkov Samara Research Agricultural Institute, Samara Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. K. Marksa, 41, pos. Bezenchuk, Bezenchukskii r-n, Samarskaya obl., 446254, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research aimed to create and study a highly productive variety of spring barley of the steppe agroecotype with high heat and drought resistance for arid conditions of the Middle Volga region. The work was carried out in the southern steppe zone of the Samara region in 2010-2020. As a result, the Holzan variety (genealogy – Yastreb/k-27751, Turkey) was created by the method of intraspecific pair hybridization followed by individual selection from the hybrid population, which was submitted in 2020 for state variety testing. A new promising double-row variety belongs to the medicum variety. In 2018-2022 it was studied in the nursery of competitive variety testing, in comparison with the drought-resistant standard variety Berkut. Three years out of five were characterised by severe and moderate drought during the entire growing season of barley, two years – during the grain filling period. The promising variety Kholzan is mid-early (the duration of the growing season is 76-89 days), medium-sized (50-66 cm), was characterised by high drought resistance and the formation of grain yield on average over the years of testing at the level of 1.98-4.05 t/ha. The increase to the Berkut standard was 0.11-0.38 t/ha (average 0.18 t/ha, or 6%). The grain of a promising variety was characterised by good plumpness, high indicators of nature (657-710 g / l) and weight of 1000 pieces (up to 51.6 g). It accumulates an increased amount of crude protein (average 13.2%), which leads to an increase in protein collection to the standard at the level of 27-81 kg/ha (average 49 kg/ha). The promising variety Kholzan is recommended for testing and subsequent use for grain fodder in the Middle Volga region. Its wide distribution will allow stabilising grain yields in dry years and increasing protein yield per unit area. The economic effect from the cultivation of a new variety, in relation to the Berkut standard, amounted to 1548 roubles/ha with a profitability level of 142%.
Keywords: spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.); breeding; variety; yield; drought resistance; grain protein content.
Author Details: S. N. Shevchenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), member of the RAS, chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I. A. Kalyakulina, research fellow; D. O. Dolzhenko, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. A. Bisharev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Shevchenko SN, Kalyakulina IA, Dolzhenko DO, et al. [A new variety of spring barley Kholzan for arid conditions of the Middle Volga region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(11):43-8. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_11_43.